Acupuncture for Acid Reflux and Heartburn in Denver

For reflux, adding acupuncture to acid-reducing medication helped more than medication alone in small, lower-quality trials, and the evidence for indigestion is stronger. Acupuncture alone did not beat medication, so I treat it as an add-on to your doctor's care in Denver.

Safety record

Acupuncture is considered among the safer treatments in medicine. A review of 21 prospective studies found serious side effects in about 1 in 10,000 patients. About 9 in 100 notice a minor effect, such as a little bleeding or soreness at a needle site.

What the research shows

For reflux, a review of 12 trials found acupuncture added to medication improved overall symptoms more than medication alone, though the trials were small. For indigestion with fullness and bloating, a 278-person trial found far more people responded to acupuncture than to control treatment.

Your acupuncturist

Michael Sugiura, L.Ac., Dipl. TCM (NCCAOM). Colorado licensed acupuncturist (License ACU.0002378), treating patients in Denver since 2017.

Location

3600 S Beeler St, Suite 150, Denver, CO 80237, with free parking.

Mon to Wed 9 to 7
Fri and Sat 9 to 5.

Research summary

Acupuncture for acid reflux, heartburn and indigestion in Denver: the research behind it

The strongest trials are for functional dyspepsia, the kind of indigestion with no cause found on testing. For reflux (GERD), trials are smaller. Some tested acupuncture as an add-on to acid-reducing medication, and others, including a 2024 trial against omeprazole, compared it with medication alone.

Reflux resultA 2017 review of 12 trials and 1,235 people with reflux found overall symptoms improved 17% more often with acupuncture added to medication than with medication alone. The authors note small trials and poor methods.
Indigestion resultIn a 278-person trial of fullness and bloating after meals, 83.0% of people receiving acupuncture responded at week 4, versus 51.6% in the control group. The benefit held through 12 weeks of follow-up.
Sessions studiedIndigestion trials used 12 to 20 sessions over 4 to 10 weeks. Reflux trials most often gave three sessions a week for 8 weeks (2017, 2024 and 2026).
Where it fitsThe 2025 reflux review found acid-reducing medication improved overall symptoms more often than manual acupuncture alone, and does not recommend acupuncture alone as the main treatment. A 2024 trial found a similar response with acupuncture and omeprazole alone.

The short answer

  • For reflux, acupuncture added to medication improved overall symptoms more than medication alone, but the trials were small and acupuncture alone did not beat medication.
  • In people still symptomatic on one daily dose of an acid reducer, adding acupuncture gave comparable overall relief to doubling the dose, with a greater reduction in heartburn.
  • For indigestion, far more people responded to acupuncture than to control treatment in a 278-person trial, and in a 200-person trial of stubborn indigestion nearly three times as many people had adequate relief.
  • It works best as an add-on to your doctor's care, and you should not stop acid-reducing medication without your doctor.
Fair to note Certainty is limited: the 2014 Cochrane review rated the dyspepsia evidence low or very low quality, the 2025 reflux review rated its findings very low to low, and the 2026 cough review calls its evidence limited. Several reflux trials were small. Acupuncture trials are hard to run fairly because the practitioner knows which treatment is real, and imitation needling may not be completely inactive.

Who this page is for

Heartburn and acid reflux (GERD)Reflux that continues despite acid-reducing medicationRegurgitation or a sour taste after mealsFullness or bloating after eatingFeeling full after a few bitesIndigestion with no cause found on testingWanting an add-on to your reflux medication

Not the right page? See also: Nausea and morning sickness.

The evidence

How strong is the evidence?

The evidence is best for indigestion and encouraging but smaller for reflux. The reflux trials are small, and a 2025 review found medication alone worked better than acupuncture alone, so I treat acupuncture as an add-on to your doctor's care.

Positive
2021 review of functional gut disorders, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology61 trials. Acupuncture gave better symptom improvement than medication, imitation acupuncture and no specific treatment, and subgroups including functional dyspepsia agreed. The authors rate the evidence as moderate or low.
Positive
2020 trial for post-meal fullness and bloating, Annals of Internal Medicine278 people, 12 sessions over 4 weeks. Far more people responded to acupuncture than to imitation acupuncture, and the benefit held through 12 weeks of follow-up. Many people dropped out before the last visit.
Promising
2017 review of reflux trials, Acupuncture in Medicine12 trials, 1,235 people. Acupuncture plus medication improved overall symptoms more than medication alone, and recurrence was lower with acupuncture alone than with medication. The authors note small trials and poor methods.
Promising
2024 trial against omeprazole for reflux, Zhongguo Zhen Jiu70 people with reflux, 8 weeks. About the same share of people were counted as improved with acupuncture as with omeprazole (75.8% versus 76.5%). Quality of life scores were higher and anxiety scores lower with acupuncture.
Promising
2026 review of reflux-related chronic cough, Frontiers in Medicine5 trials, 390 people. Compared with Western medicine alone, acupuncture lowered daytime and nighttime cough scores, improved cough quality of life and gave a higher share of people counted as improved. No serious adverse events. The authors call the evidence limited.
Mixed
2025 trial sequential meta-analysis, Complementary Medicine Research12 studies of manual acupuncture for reflux. It improved symptom scores and reduced recurrence, both rated very low certainty. Medication improved overall symptoms more often than acupuncture alone.
Inconclusive
2014 Cochrane review of functional dyspepsia7 studies, 542 people. Symptom scores were not clearly different from medications such as domperidone. The evidence was low or very low quality, so no firm conclusion was possible.

Responded to treatment at week 4

Share of people with post-meal fullness, bloating or early fullness (a common type of functional dyspepsia) who responded to treatment. 278 people, 12 sessions over 4 weeks (2020 trial). The control group received imitation acupuncture.

0%25%50%75%100%Acupuncture83.0%Control treatment51.6%

All three main symptoms disappeared in 27.8% of the acupuncture group versus 17.3% of the control group. Source: Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020.

Treatment dose

How many treatments do the studies use?

Nine trials stated a session count, or a schedule and course length. Indigestion trials used 12 to 20 sessions over 4 to 10 weeks. Reflux trials ranged from 2 sessions to about 42 daily sessions, most often 24 sessions over 8 weeks.

Sessions and weeks in each trial

Bar length is the length of the course. Tap a trial name to read its record.

0246810 weeksIndigestion, 20203 a week, 278 people12 sessionsIndigestion, 2018200 people, electroacupuncture20 sessionsIndigestion, 20233 a week, 90 people12 sessionsReflux, 2023thread embedding, 66 people2 sessionsReflux, 2012daily EA, 120 per group42 sessionsReflux, 20173 a week, 57 people24 sessionsReflux, 20243 a week, 70 people24 sessionsReflux, 20263 a week, 156 people24 sessionsIndigestion, 2019electroacupuncture, 132 people20 sessions

Totals of 12 (2023 indigestion), 42 (2012) and 24 (2017, 2024 and 2026) are worked out from the stated schedule times the number of weeks, so the 2012 figure assumes treatment every day; the other totals are as stated. The 2026 resistant reflux trial ran for 4 weeks without stating a session count. Sources: 2020, 2018, 2023 frequency trial, 2023 reflux trial, 2012, 2017, 2024, 2026, 2019.

Records: Indigestion, 2020; Indigestion, 2018; Indigestion, 2023; Reflux, 2023; Reflux, 2012; Reflux, 2017; Reflux, 2024; Reflux, 2026; Indigestion, 2019.

Study by study

Ten studies in detail, and five smaller trials

Tap a study to see its design, result and limits. They follow the order of the evidence ladder above, with the remaining trials last. Each title links to its record on PubMed.

2021 · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology61 trials · functional gut disorders

Read the source: open the record

Design
Meta-analysis of 61 randomized trials of acupuncture for functional gut disorders, including functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation, searched through December 2019.
Result
Symptom severity improved more with acupuncture than with medication (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.17), imitation acupuncture (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.08) and no specific treatment (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.62), and when acupuncture was added to other active treatments (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.30). Functional dyspepsia subgroups agreed. Adverse events were less common with acupuncture (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.99).
Limit
The authors rate the evidence as moderate or low. The results cover several gut disorders, not reflux alone.
2020 · Annals of Internal Medicine278 people · 12 sessions in 4 weeks

Read the source: open the record

Design
Randomized trial in 5 hospitals in China. Adults aged 18 to 65 with post-meal fullness or bloating received 12 sessions of acupuncture or imitation acupuncture over 4 weeks.
Result
At week 4, 83.0% responded to acupuncture versus 51.6% in the control group. All three main symptoms disappeared in 27.8% versus 17.3%. The benefit held over 12 weeks of follow-up, with no serious adverse events.
Limit
No objective outcomes, a high dropout rate (228 of 278 completed week 16), and the acupuncturists could not be blinded.
2017 · Acupuncture in Medicine12 trials · 1,235 people · reflux

Read the source: open the record

Design
Meta-analysis of 12 randomized trials (1,235 patients) of acupuncture for reflux, alone or added to Western medicine, searched through June 2016.
Result
Acupuncture combined with medication gave better global symptom improvement than medication alone (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.26, six studies). Recurrence was lower with acupuncture alone than with medication (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.61, three studies), while global symptom improvement and symptom scores were similar.
Limit
The authors note the small sample size and poor methods of the included trials.
2024 · Zhongguo Zhen Jiu70 people · 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks

Read the source: open the record

Design
Randomized trial of 70 people with reflux. The acupuncture group (35 people, 2 dropped out) had needles retained for 30 minutes every other day, three times a week. The medication group (35 people, 1 dropped out) took omeprazole 20 mg once a day. Treatment lasted 8 weeks.
Result
The total effective rate (the share counted as improved) was 75.8% (25 of 33) with acupuncture and 76.5% (26 of 34) with omeprazole, with no significant difference. Reflux questionnaire, depression and anxiety scores improved in both groups, with a higher quality of life score and a lower anxiety score with acupuncture (p < 0.05).
Limit
It was small, with no imitation acupuncture control. Acupuncture matched omeprazole but did not beat it.
2026 · Frontiers in Medicine5 trials · 390 people · reflux-related cough

Read the source: open the record

Design
Meta-analysis of 5 randomized trials (390 people) of acupuncture-related therapies for chronic cough caused by reflux, searched up to June 2025.
Result
Compared with Western medicine alone, acupuncture lowered daytime cough scores (MD -0.41, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.07) and nighttime cough scores (MD -0.38, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.17). Cough questionnaire scores improved (MD 2.29, 95% CI 1.99 to 2.60) and the total effective rate was higher (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.27). No serious adverse events were reported.
Limit
It covers reflux that shows up as chronic cough, not heartburn. Only 5 trials were included, risk of bias was moderate, and the authors call the evidence limited.
2025 · Complementary Medicine Research12 studies · manual acupuncture for reflux

Read the source: open the record

Design
Trial sequential meta-analysis of 12 studies of manual acupuncture for reflux, with certainty rated by GRADE.
Result
Manual acupuncture improved symptom scores (MD -3.43, 95% CI -5.14 to -1.73) and reduced recurrence (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.64), both rated very low certainty. The global symptom improvement rate was lower with acupuncture than with acid-reducing medication (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.30, low certainty).
Limit
Because medication improved overall symptoms and has an established safety record, the authors do not recommend manual acupuncture alone as the primary treatment. Results for symptom scores varied widely between studies (I2 of 88%).
2014 · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews7 studies · 542 people · functional dyspepsia

Read the source: open the record

Design
Cochrane review of 7 studies (542 people) of acupuncture for functional dyspepsia, compared with medication, no treatment or imitation acupuncture.
Result
In four trials against medications (cisapride, domperidone and itopride), there was no statistically significant difference in symptom scores or attack frequency. In three trials against imitation acupuncture, acupuncture improved symptom scores and quality of life as much as or more than imitation acupuncture. Acupuncture had fewer adverse effects than cisapride (one study, all minor).
Limit
All evidence was of low or very low quality, and the studies generally had unclear or high risk of bias. The authors say the evidence cannot yet permit a robust conclusion.
2018 · Neurogastroenterology and Motility200 people · 20 sessions in 4 weeks

Read the source: open the record

Design
Single-blind randomized trial at three hospitals in China. People with refractory functional dyspepsia (a stubborn type of indigestion) received 20 sessions of real or imitation electroacupuncture over 4 weeks.
Result
At week 16, 17% of the electroacupuncture group were free of symptoms versus 6% of the control group. Adequate relief was reported by 62% versus 22%. Results were similar at week 24.
Limit
Only 17% were completely free of symptoms, so most people still had some.
2026 · Diseases of the Esophagus72 people · 4 weeks, reflux despite medication

Read the source: open the record

Design
72 adults with reflux symptoms despite once-daily acid-reducing medication received acupuncture plus standard-dose omeprazole, or double-dose omeprazole, for 4 weeks.
Result
Both groups improved, with no significant difference in total reflux score. Acupuncture gave a greater reduction in heartburn (p = 0.026) and better quality of life (p < 0.001). Double-dose medication was better for regurgitation (p = 0.001) and sleep disturbance (p < 0.001).
Limit
It was small and short, and had no imitation control.
2026 · Zhongguo Zhen Jiu156 people · 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks

Read the source: open the record

Design
Randomized trial in 156 people with reflux and no visible damage to the esophagus. All took rabeprazole 20 mg daily and added electroacupuncture, imitation electroacupuncture without current, or nothing, for 8 weeks.
Result
Reflux questionnaire scores were lower with electroacupuncture than in the other two groups after treatment and at 3 months. The total effective rate was 96.0% (48 of 50), versus 92.0% (46 of 50) with imitation electroacupuncture and 86.0% (43 of 50) with medication alone.
Limit
Differences between the groups were modest, and the imitation group also did better than medication alone.
Five smaller trials from the dose chartReflux and indigestion · 2012 to 2023
2012 · 480 people
In four groups of 120 (reflux, once daily for 6 weeks), electroacupuncture, alone or with an herbal capsule, held its improvement 54 weeks after treatment while the medication-only group worsened.
2017 · 57 people
Acupuncture versus rabeprazole for reflux, 3 a week for 8 weeks. Symptom scores were better than with rabeprazole at follow-up, but the heartburn effective rate was lower (82.1% versus 93.1%).
2023 · 90 people
Acupuncture frequency in indigestion. Symptom scores were lower after 4 weeks with both 3 sessions a week and 1 a week than with no treatment, and 3 a week did better at follow-up.
2023 · 66 people
Thread-embedding acupuncture, two sessions in 4 weeks, added to a proton pump inhibitor for reflux.
2019 · 132 people
Electroacupuncture (20 sessions over 10 weeks) added to on-demand medication, compared with medication alone, in refractory functional dyspepsia.

Your care

What this means for your care

A realistic plan based on how the studies were run.

Plan on a course

The indigestion trials that stated a schedule used 12 to 20 sessions over 4 to 10 weeks. The reflux trials ran 4 to 8 weeks, most often with three sessions a week for 8 weeks. At your first visit I tell you what a realistic course looks like for you.

Check in at five visits

We review progress together after the first five visits and decide whether to continue.

Combine, do not replace

I work alongside your doctor and your medication. Several reflux trials added acupuncture to acid-reducing medication, so please keep taking yours unless your doctor changes it.

See your doctor first for trouble or pain swallowing, vomiting blood, black or bloody stools, unintended weight loss, chest pain (which can come from the heart), symptoms that continue despite medication, or new symptoms after age 50. Please do not stop or reduce acid-reducing medication without your doctor. If you have any of these symptoms and have not already told your doctor, please let them know.

What to expect

What to wear

Loose clothing that lets me reach your forearms, lower legs and, if needed, your back and abdomen. Bring your medication list and any endoscopy report.

What it feels like

A brief tap, then a dull, heavy ache that fades in seconds. With electroacupuncture, a steady tapping that I set to a level you are comfortable with.

Session length

You rest on a heated table for 25 to 30 minutes.

Add-ons

Electroacupuncture when it fits, as used in several of these trials, and cupping or Tuina for tight muscles in the back and shoulders.

Visit costs

Prices

New patients

Initial 90 minute acupuncture visit

$150

A full consultation, exam and treatment. We’ll talk through your health history and goals, and you’ll leave with a plan.

Returning patients

30 minute acupuncture

$60

A focused follow-up session of acupuncture.

60 minute acupuncture with Tuina massage

$95

Your session starts with acupuncture and finishes with Tuina massage in the second part of the treatment.

90 minute acupuncture with Tuina massage and cupping

$130

Your session starts with acupuncture, moves to Tuina massage in the second part, and finishes with cupping to close the treatment.

Payment. We accept cash, all major credit cards, and HSA/FSA cards. We don’t bill insurance directly, but we can provide a superbill you can submit to your insurance company for possible reimbursement.

Getting started

How to book

Book online

Pick a day and time that works for you on our online scheduling page.

Fill out your paperwork

Complete your paperwork through the patient portal in AcuSimple before your visit.

Prepare for your visit

Eat something an hour or two before you come in, and wear something comfortable on the day of your treatment.

Questions

Frequently asked questions

Tap a question to see the answer.

Does acupuncture work for acid reflux and indigestion?

The evidence is better for indigestion than for reflux. In a 2020 trial of 278 people with fullness and bloating after meals, 83.0% responded to acupuncture versus 51.6% in the control group. For reflux, a 2017 review found acupuncture added to medication improved overall symptoms more than medication alone, but the trials were small. A 2025 review rated its evidence very low to low and found medication alone worked better than acupuncture alone.

How many acupuncture sessions does acid reflux or indigestion take?

The indigestion trials that stated a count used 12 to 20 sessions over 4 to 10 weeks. The reflux trials ran 4 to 8 weeks, most often with three sessions a week for 8 weeks. We check progress together after the first five visits, and if your symptoms have not changed by then, I will tell you.

Can I use acupuncture with my acid reflux medication?

Yes, and several reflux trials used it that way. In a 2026 trial of 72 adults who still had symptoms on a once-daily acid reducer, acupuncture plus the standard dose gave overall relief comparable to a double dose, with a greater reduction in heartburn. The double dose was better for regurgitation and sleep.

Should I stop my reflux medication when I start acupuncture?

No. Please do not stop or reduce acid-reducing medication without your doctor. Several trials added acupuncture to medication, and a 2025 review found medication improved overall symptoms more often than manual acupuncture alone. Any change to your dose is a decision for you and your doctor.

When should I see a doctor before trying acupuncture for acid reflux?

See your doctor first for trouble or pain swallowing, vomiting blood, black or bloody stools, unintended weight loss, chest pain (which can come from the heart), symptoms that continue despite medication, or new symptoms after age 50. Please do not stop or reduce acid-reducing medication without your doctor. If you have any of these symptoms and have not already told your doctor, please let them know.

How much does acupuncture for acid reflux cost in Denver?

At The Subtle Point a 90-minute first visit is $150 and follow-ups are $60 for 30 minutes of acupuncture, $95 for 60 minutes of acupuncture with Tuina massage, or $130 for 90 minutes of acupuncture with Tuina massage and cupping. HSA and FSA cards work, and you receive a superbill for your insurer.

Does acupuncture hurt?

Rarely, and never the way an injection does. Acupuncture needles are about the width of a human hair. Most people feel a brief tap, then a dull, heavy or warm sensation that fades in a few seconds. If any point feels sharp, tell me and I will adjust or remove it.

References

Studies cited

  1. Cochrane review: acupuncture for functional dyspepsia (2014)
  2. Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture for functional gastrointestinal disorders, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
  3. Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, Acupuncture in Medicine (2017)
  4. Trial sequential meta-analysis of manual acupuncture for reflux disease, Complementary Medicine Research (2025)
  5. Randomized trial for postprandial distress syndrome, 278 people, Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)
  6. Randomized trial of electroacupuncture for refractory functional dyspepsia, 200 people, Neurogastroenterology and Motility (2018)
  7. Meta-analysis of acupuncture-related therapies for reflux-related chronic cough, Frontiers in Medicine (2026)
  8. Randomized trial of acupuncture versus omeprazole for reflux disease, 70 people, Zhongguo Zhen Jiu (2024)
  9. Randomized trial of acupuncture in resistant reflux disease, 72 people, Diseases of the Esophagus (2026)
  10. Randomized trial of acupuncture frequency in functional dyspepsia, 90 people, Zhongguo Zhen Jiu (2023)
  11. Randomized trial of thread-embedding acupuncture added to a proton pump inhibitor for reflux, 66 people, Integrative Medicine Research (2023)
  12. Pragmatic randomized trial of electroacupuncture for refractory functional dyspepsia, 132 people, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
  13. Randomized trial of electroacupuncture for non-erosive reflux disease, 156 people, Zhongguo Zhen Jiu (2026)
  14. Randomized trial of acupuncture regulating qi versus rabeprazole for reflux disease, 57 people, Zhongguo Zhen Jiu (2017)
  15. Randomized trial of electroacupuncture and an herbal capsule for reflux disease, 480 people, Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2012)
  16. Systematic review of acupuncture-related adverse events, BMJ Open (2021)

Written by Michael Sugiura, L.Ac., Dipl. TCM (NCCAOM). Colorado licensed acupuncturist (License ACU.0002378), treating patients at The Subtle Point in Denver since 2017.

Last reviewed October 2026. This page summarizes published research and is not medical advice. Results vary, and acupuncture is not a substitute for your doctor's care.